Direct & Indirect Speech
Direct Speech
Direct speech refers to reproducing another person's exact words or saying exactly what someone has said (sometimes called quoted speech).
Here what a persons says appears within quotation marks ("...") and should be word.
For example:
- She said, "Today's lesson is on presentations."
- "Today's lesson is on presentations," she said.
Indirect Speech
Indirect speech reproducing the idea of another person's words
that doesn't use quotation mark to enclose what the person said and it
doesn't have to be word of word.
Indirect speech is sometimes called reported
speech.
Example:
Indirect speech: He said he was going to the cinema.
Tense Change
- When reporting speech the tense usually changes.
This is because when we use reported speech, we are usually talking
about a time in the past (because obviously the person who spoke originally spoke in the past). The verbs therefore usually have to be in the past too.
- Note: The reporting verbs that are usually used to report imperative sentence are: Tell, Other Command, Ask, Warn, and Remind.
Present Simple (Past Tense)
- Direct : Tina said "I eat pop mie".
- Indirect : Vita said that she eat pop mie.
Past Simple (Past Perfect)
- Direct : Father said "I went to Japan yesterday".
- Indirect : Father said (that) she had gone to Japan the day before.
Future Simple (Past Future)
- Direct : Dave said "I will buy an i-pod next week".
- Indirect : Dave said (that) he would buy an i-pod the week after.
Present Continuous (Past Continuous)
- Direct : Gama said "I am playing football".
- Indirect : Gama said he was playing football.
Past Continuous (Past Perfect Continuous)
- Direct : She said "I was teaching earlier".
- Indirect : She said she had been teaching earlier.
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